Improvement in pumps



'6 Sheets-Sheet1. J. S. ADAMS.

PUMP. No,178,7Q1 Patented June 13,1876.

6 Sheecs-Sheet 2.

J. sfAnAms.

PUMP.

Patented June 13, 1876.

6 Sheets-Sheet 3,

J. S. ADAMS.

PUMP.

Patented. June 13, 1876.

6Shets-Sheet 5. J. S. ADAMS.

PUMP.

Fermented. June 13 /////A v 2.2? A M W A I NFETERS. PNOTO-LITHOGRAFHER, WASHINGTON. D. C.

ivrrinn STATES PATENT Enron.

i JOHN S. ADAMS, OF ELGIlN, ILLINOIS.

IMPRQVEMENT IN PUMPS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 178,70l, dated J une '13, 1876; application filed May 6, 1876.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, JOHN S. ADAMS, of Elgin, in the county of Kane, and in the State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pumps and do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, andexact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making a part of this Specification, in which Figure 1 is a perspective view of my pump arranged for use with, or by means of, a horizontal. shaft which has a partial rotation in opposite directions. Fig. 2 is a like view 'of the same arranged to be operated by means of a horizontal shaft revolving continuously in one direction. Fig. 3 is a perspective view of said pump arranged to be operated by means of a vertical shaft revolving continuously in one direction. Fig. 4 is a vertical central section of Fig. 1 upon a line passing through the axes of the cylinders. Fig. 5 is a like view of the same upon a line having a right angle to the axes of said cylinders. Fig. 6 is a central section of Fig. 1 upon a horizontal line. Figs. 7 and 8 are longitudinal and transverse sections, respectively, of Fig. 2 upon vertical cen-' tral lines. Figs. 9 and 10 are like sections of Fig. 3, and Fig. 11 is a central section of said A Fig. 3 upon a horizontal line.

Letters of like name and kind refer to like parts in each of the figures.

The design of my invention is to enable a pump having reciprocating pistons or plungers to be adapted for operation either by means of a horizontal shaft that has a partial rotary motion in opposite directions, or by means of a horizontal or a vertical shaft arranged to revolve continuously in one direction, as convenience may require; and to this end it consists, principally, in two pistons or plungers arranged in a line with each other, and connected together by means of a rod that has a central longitudinal slot for the passage ofan operating-shaft, and is provided at its longitudinal center with'a transverse guide or'way,

for the reception of asliding crai1k-bloek,sub-- stantially as and for the purpose hereinafter passes horizontally through the casin g of the pump above the former, and is provided with a crank, that engages with the crank-block, whereby apartial revolution of said shaft in opposite directions will impart to said pistonrod and its pistons a reciprocating motion, substantially as and for the purpose hereinafter shown.

It consists, further, in combining, with the longitudinally-slotted piston-rod, a shaft which passes horizontally or vertically through the casing of the pump, and through, the central longitudinal slotof said piston-rod, and is provided with a crank-arm, that engages with the tion of the detachable valve-seats, and their combination with the casing of the pump, substantially as and for the purpose hereinafter specified.

It consists, further, in the means employed for removing water and sand from the working-chamber and upper portions of the pump without interference with the operation of the valves, substantially as is hereinafter shown.

In the annexed drawings, A and A represent two cylinders, which have one common axis, are open at their outer ends, and at their inner ends open into a central rectangular chamber, B, that is preferably cast with, and

forms a portion of, said cylinders. The outer end of each cylinder A is inclosed by a head, 0, upon the outer face of which isformeda vertical passage, 0, that is inclosed exterior-1y,

and at its ends communicates with valvechambers D and D, which are formed upon the upper and lower sides, respectively, of the.

casing of said cylinder. The upper side of each valve-chamber D is inclosed by a recessed cover, E, that forms a vertical .extension of said chamber, and, being extended inward, also incloses the upper end of a passage, F, which from thence ext-ends do wnwa'rd and inward, and opens into the chamberB. The upper end of that portion of the valvechamber D below the cover E is circular, and within the same is loosely fitted a removable valve-seat, G, which latter is provided with a flange, 9, that projects horizontally beyond the edge of the, opening, and rests upon the metal face that receives the cover E. Within the lower bearing-face of the cover E is formed a recess, 0, which corresponds in horizontal and vertical dimensions to the like features of the upper flanged end g of the valve seat. As thus constructed, it will be seen that the lower face of the cover E and the lower side ofthe flange g are flush with each other, so that if a packing is placed between the same andthe upper faceiof the chamber D the bolts .em ployed for confining said cover in position will at the same time confine the: valve-seat, and produce a water-tight joint between said parts and said chamber, by which means the removal or replacement of said valve-seatis rendered comparatively easy. The lower valve-chambers D andD' are inclosed bythe upturned ends it and hot a pipe, H,which a pipe extends horizontally between said ends, and at its longitudinal center is provided with a branch pipe, h, that communicates with the water-supply, The lower valve-seats G and G, are in all respects like those before described, and are secured in place in thesame manner. The upper end of the central chamber B is inclosed by an air-chamber, I, from whence a discharge pipe, K, conveys water from the pump, while the lower end of said chamber B is inclosed by-means of a plate, H, which is preferably cast upon and-forms part of the cross-pipe H. An opening,a, which corresponds in dimensions to the transverse,

area of the passage 0, formed between the lower portion of each cylinder Aiand said passage, and a small opening, a/,provided between the upper portion of said cylinder and passage, completes the casingof thepump. Within each cylinder A is fitted a piston, L, which is connected with the pistonL within the opposite cylinder by means of a rod, M, and moves simultaneously with the same. The centralxportion of the piston-rod M is flattened, and withinsuch portion is formed a slot, m, which is arranged lengthwise of said rod, andiextends transversely through from one face to the opposite face of said part. I At the longitudinal center of the rod M,upon one of its sides, is formed a T-shaped transverse groove, m, within which is fitted a block, N, that is capable of longitudinal motion within said groove, and has such length as to enable it to pass across the slot at without disengagewent from its said groove.

The sliding block N is fitted to receive a pin, a, which 'pin is journaled within its center at alright angle to its line of motion and to the line of motion of the rodM, and has its outer end secured within acrank,0,thatis attached to and operated by means of a shaft, P, as is hereinafter described.

As the arrangement of theoperating-shaft with relation to the piston-rod and casing is changed for each kind of pump, such arrangements 7 will be described successively, commencing with that shown in Figs. 1, 4,5, and 6.

The shaft 1? passes horizontally through the chamber B, immediately above the piston-rod M, and equidistant from the inner ends of the cylinders A and A, and is journaled within suitablelbearings b and b, which areformed upon or within the walls of said chamber. At,

one end the shaft P extends only to the outer end of the bearing, and the latter is covered and rendered water-tight by means of a cap, I

b, that screws over its end, while the opposite end of said shaft projects sufficiently to enable it to receive a cross-bar, Q, which projects in opposite directions to equal distances,

and to each end has pivoted one end of a rod, q. The rods q and q, being extended upward to the point'where the operator is to beplaced, are connectedto or with suitable mechanism that will giveto each a longitudinally-reciprocating motion, and will cause, said rods to move simultaneously, but in opposite directions.

The crank Ohas such length as to cause the block Ntobe near the lower end of the groove m, when said i crank occupies a verti-i cal position, when, by giving tothe shaft P a partial rotation in either direction, the pistonrod M will be moved longitndinally, so as to draw inward one piston and forcethe opposite piston outward, said block N being caused to move upward in its grooveyas said crank follows the circle of its revolution in:moving to either side of a vertical central line.

As thus arranged, itwillibe seen that the rocking motion of the operating-shaft, before described, will impart to thepistons a reciprocating motion within their cylinders, and cause each to alternately draw Water from the pipe H through thelower valve-chamber and the opening a, and to expel saidwatenthrough said opening a, the passage 0, the valve-chamber D, the upper valve, and the passage F, into the central chamber B, from which said water escapes through the discharge-pipe K.

When it is desired tooperate the pump by rotating the shaft P- continuously in one direction, the latter is removed from the bearin gs b and b, and placed within other similar bearings, b" and b, which areprovidedbelow the former, in a line with the vertical center of the cylinders A'and ,A,after which caps b and b are placed over said upper bearings and oneof the said iloweri'bearingsyas before. The shaft P'now passes through the slot m,.that isformed' within the rod M,and is provided with a crank,O, that is in allrespectslikc that before employed, except that it has less length, so that when placed in a vertical position the sliding block Nshallnot pass out. of the end of its groove; If, now,the shaft is revolved, the pistons will be caused to reciprocate, as before, but the crank will describe a full circle, and move constantly in one direction, instead of oscillating to and fro, as before.

When it is desired to operate the pump by means of a vertical shaftmoving continuously in one direction, the shaft P is removed from position and its bearings made watertight by caps, and the piston-rod M is turned one-fourth of a revolution, so as to bringits sliding block N downward, after which said shaft, or a similar but longer shaft, is passed vertically downward through a bearing, 71, that is formed at the upper end of the air-chamber I, and, passing through the slot m of said piston-rod, has its lower end supported by or upon a step, It, that is secured within, and projects upward from, the bottom of the chamber B. Upon the lower end ofthe shaft P is secured a crank, 0, which engages with the pin a of the sliding block N, and is in all respects similar to the crank last used, except that its hub 0 is extended downward, so as to embrace the entire surface of the step R, and insure the lateral position of said shaft. If, now, the shaft P is rotated, the operation of parts will be the same as in the last-described arrangement.

In consequence of the liability to injury of the pump should water freeze within the chamber B, a pipe, S, extends between said chamber and the pipe H, and between the latter is provided with a cylindrical tapering opening, that extends horizontally through its center, and receives and contains acock-plug, T, of ordinary shape. The plug Tis provided with the'usuai transverse opening t, which,

by the rotation of said plug, may be caused to coincide with, or be placed at a right angle to, the opening 8 of the pipe S; and, in addition thereto, said plug is provided with a small axial opening, it, that extends from said opening 1? outward through its smallest end. 'The portion of the opening 8 above the pipe S has a considerably larger transverse area than the portion below said plug, so that the latter may be turned sufficiently to open communication between-the said upper portion and the port t without causing the lower por tion of said opening to be uncovered, in which event water from the chamber B would pass into said port t, and from thence would escape through the axial opening t. -As constructed, the cock enables the contents of the chamber B and of the discharge-pipe to be quickly let down. or discharged for the purpose of removing any sand or other like substance which may have accumulated therein; or said cock may be adjusted to permit a sufficient quantity of water to flow outward constantly, and to cause the said dischargepipe to be emptied of its contents, when not in use, with sufficient rapidity to prevent freezing, and not interfering materially with p the quantity of water raised when said pump is in operation.

When the'cock is turned so as to furnish communication between the chamber B .and ipe H, the contents of the former will be discharged into the latter, and the contents of said pipe will escape into the well; but if said cock is only turned until the contents of said chamber can escape through the axial opening t, the contents of said pipewill be undisturbed and the pump will be in condition for'instant use.

When the'pump is used in deep wells the let-off cock will be operated by means of a rod which extends to the surface of the ground.

The object sought by making the opening a, which furnishes communication between each cylinder A and the passage 0, at the low- 'er side of said cylinder is to prevent sand, if any is carried inward with the water, from accumulating in said cylinder as would be the case were said water permitted to escape at a higher point, as in the latter case the sand would be deposited upon the bottom of said cylinder and remain undisturbed by the flow of said water.

The small opening a between the upper portion of each cylinder and the passage 0 prevents an accumulation of air at such point, which air would form a cushion and materially interfere with the proper working of the Having thus fully set forth the nature and merits of my invention, what I claim as new l. The pistons L and L, arranged in a line with each other and connected together by means of the rod M, which is provided with a central-longitudinal slot, m, and transverse central groove m, for the reception of the crank-block N, substantially as and for the purpose specified. I

2. In combination with the piston-rod M and sliding block N, the shaft P, which is journaled horizontally above, and at a right angle to, said rod, and is provided with a crank, O, that extends downward and engages with the pin a. of said sliding block, substantially as and for the'purpose shown.

3. In combination with thepiston-rod M, provided with the longitudinal central slot at and transverse groove m, and with the crank-block N, arranged to slide within said groove, the shaft P, which passes horizontally through said slot at a right angle to said rod, and is provided with a crank, 0, that engages with the pin a of said crank-block, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4. In combination with thepiston-rod M, provided with the central longitudinal slotm and transverse groove m, and with the crank-block N, which is arranged to slide within said groove, the shaft P, that passes vertically through said slot at a right angle to said rod, andis provided with a crank, O, which engages with the pin a of said crank-block, substantially as and for the purpose shown and described.

5. The body or casing of the pump, consisting of the cylinders A and A, central chamber B, shaft-bearings b and 1), heads (3 and 0, provided each with a passage, 0, openings to and a, valve-chambers D and D, recessed covers E and E, passages F and F, bottom or supply pipe E It h h, air-chamber I, and dischargepipe K, constructed and arranged in the manno?1 and for the purpose substantially as specifie v a 6. In combination with the valve-seat G, resting upon the upper side of the valve-chamber D, the cover E, fitted upon said chamber, and provided \viththe recess '6, which corresponds to and incloses the flange g of said valve-seat, substantially as and for the purpose shown.

7. In combination with the chamber B and April, 1876.

JOHN S. ADAMS. Witnesses:

J OHN H. WELLS, FRANK PRESTON.

Mir 

